2017年11月27日 星期一

莎士比亞「凱撒大帝」選讀

藝文雅集 莎士比亞「凱撒大帝」選讀

粵語主講:梁煥松
日期/時間:2017年11月26日(星期日),下午 2.00

今期會選講莎士比亞著名的「凱撒大帝」第三幕英文原文,欣賞兩段精彩的演說,先是哲學家布魯特斯講述為何他支持刺殺凱撒。然後安東尼大將訴之以情,幾分鐘內扭轉乾坤,鼓動群眾追殺叛徒,運詞遣字影響的功力達到極致。

地點:Sunnybank Hills 圖書館的會議室,Sunnybank Hills Shoppingtown

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The Tragedy of Julius Caesar

---
    
Act III, Scene 2
The Forum.
    
Enter BRUTUS and CASSIUS, and a throng of Citizens
  • Citizens. We will be satisfied; let us be satisfied.
  • Brutus. Then follow me, and give me audience, friends.
  • Cassius, go you into the other street,
  • And part the numbers.
  • Those that will hear me speak, let 'em stay here; 1535
  • Those that will follow Cassius, go with him;
  • And public reasons shall be rendered
  • Of Caesar's death.
  • Second Citizen. I will hear Cassius; and compare their reasons, 1540
  • When severally we hear them rendered.
  • [Exit CASSIUS, with some of the Citizens. BRUTUS
  • goes into the pulpit]
  • Brutus. Be patient till the last. 1545
  • Romans, countrymen, and lovers! hear me for my
  • cause, and be silent, that you may hear: believe me
  • for mine honour, and have respect to mine honour, that
  • you may believe: censure me in your wisdom, and
  • awake your senses, that you may the better judge. 1550
  • If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of
  • Caesar's, to him I say, that Brutus' love to Caesar
  • was no less than his. If then that friend demand
  • why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer:
  • —Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved 1555
  • Rome more. Had you rather Caesar were living and
  • die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live
  • all free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him;
  • as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was
  • valiant, I honour him: but, as he was ambitious, I 1560
  • slew him. There is tears for his love; joy for his
  • fortune; honour for his valour; and death for his
  • ambition. Who is here so base that would be a
  • bondman? If any, speak; for him have I offended.
  • Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If 1565
  • any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so
  • vile that will not love his country? If any, speak;
  • for him have I offended. I pause for a reply.
  • All. None, Brutus, none.
  • Brutus. Then none have I offended. I have done no more to 1570
  • Caesar than you shall do to Brutus. The question of
  • his death is enrolled in the Capitol; his glory not
  • extenuated, wherein he was worthy, nor his offences
  • enforced, for which he suffered death.
  • [Enter ANTONY and others, with CAESAR's body] 1575
  • Here comes his body, mourned by Mark Antony: who,
  • though he had no hand in his death, shall receive
  • the benefit of his dying, a place in the
  • commonwealth; as which of you shall not? With this
  • I depart,—that, as I slew my best lover for the 1580
  • good of Rome, I have the same dagger for myself,
  • when it shall please my country to need my death.
  • All. Live, Brutus! live, live!
  • First Citizen. We'll bring him to his house
  • With shouts and clamours.1590
  • Brutus. Good countrymen, let me depart alone,
  • And, for my sake, stay here with Antony: 1595
  • Do grace to Caesar's corpse, and grace his speech
  • Tending to Caesar's glories; which Mark Antony,
  • By our permission, is allow'd to make.
  • I do entreat you, not a man depart,
  • Save I alone, till Antony have spoke.1600
Exit
  • Third Citizen. Let him go up into the public chair;
  • We'll hear him. Noble Antony, go up.
  • Antony. For Brutus' sake, I am beholding to you.1605
Goes into the pulpit
  • Third Citizen. He says, for Brutus' sake,
  • He finds himself beholding to us all.
  • Third Citizen. Nay, that's certain:
  • We are blest that Rome is rid of him.
  • Antony. You gentle Romans,—1615
  • Antony. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
  • I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
  • The evil that men do lives after them;
  • The good is oft interred with their bones; 1620
  • So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus
  • Hath told you Caesar was ambitious:
  • If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
  • And grievously hath Caesar answer'd it.
  • Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest— 1625
  • For Brutus is an honourable man;
  • So are they all, all honourable men—
  • Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.
  • He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
  • But Brutus says he was ambitious; 1630
  • And Brutus is an honourable man.
  • He hath brought many captives home to Rome
  • Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill:
  • Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?
  • When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: 1635
  • Ambition should be made of sterner stuff:
  • Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;
  • And Brutus is an honourable man.
  • You all did see that on the Lupercal
  • I thrice presented him a kingly crown, 1640
  • Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition?
  • Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;
  • And, sure, he is an honourable man.
  • I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,
  • But here I am to speak what I do know. 1645
  • You all did love him once, not without cause:
  • What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him?
  • O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts,
  • And men have lost their reason. Bear with me;
  • My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, 1650
  • And I must pause till it come back to me.
  • Second Citizen. If thou consider rightly of the matter,
  • Caesar has had great wrong.
  • Third Citizen. Has he, masters? 1655
  • I fear there will a worse come in his place.
  • Fourth Citizen. Mark'd ye his words? He would not take the crown;
  • Therefore 'tis certain he was not ambitious.
  • Second Citizen. Poor soul! his eyes are red as fire with weeping.1660
  • Antony. But yesterday the word of Caesar might
  • Have stood against the world; now lies he there.
  • And none so poor to do him reverence. 1665
  • O masters, if I were disposed to stir
  • Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage,
  • I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong,
  • Who, you all know, are honourable men:
  • I will not do them wrong; I rather choose 1670
  • To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you,
  • Than I will wrong such honourable men.
  • But here's a parchment with the seal of Caesar;
  • I found it in his closet, 'tis his will:
  • Let but the commons hear this testament— 1675
  • Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read—
  • And they would go and kiss dead Caesar's wounds
  • And dip their napkins in his sacred blood,
  • Yea, beg a hair of him for memory,
  • And, dying, mention it within their wills, 1680
  • Bequeathing it as a rich legacy
  • Unto their issue.
  • All. The will, the will! we will hear Caesar's will.
  • Antony. Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it; 1685
  • It is not meet you know how Caesar loved you.
  • You are not wood, you are not stones, but men;
  • And, being men, bearing the will of Caesar,
  • It will inflame you, it will make you mad:
  • 'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs; 1690
  • For, if you should, O, what would come of it!
  • Fourth Citizen. Read the will; we'll hear it, Antony;
  • You shall read us the will, Caesar's will.
  • Antony. Will you be patient? will you stay awhile?
  • I have o'ershot myself to tell you of it: 1695
  • I fear I wrong the honourable men
  • Whose daggers have stabb'd Caesar; I do fear it.
  • All. The will! the testament!
  • Second Citizen. They were villains, murderers: the will! read the will.1700
  • Antony. You will compel me, then, to read the will?
  • Then make a ring about the corpse of Caesar,
  • And let me show you him that made the will.
  • Shall I descend? and will you give me leave?
ANTONY comes down
  • Antony. Nay, press not so upon me; stand far off.
  • Antony. If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.
  • You all do know this mantle: I remember 1715
  • The first time ever Caesar put it on;
  • 'Twas on a summer's evening, in his tent,
  • That day he overcame the Nervii:
  • Look, in this place ran Cassius' dagger through:
  • See what a rent the envious Casca made: 1720
  • Through this the well-beloved Brutus stabb'd;
  • And as he pluck'd his cursed steel away,
  • Mark how the blood of Caesar follow'd it,
  • As rushing out of doors, to be resolved
  • If Brutus so unkindly knock'd, or no; 1725
  • For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar's angel:
  • Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him!
  • This was the most unkindest cut of all;
  • For when the noble Caesar saw him stab,
  • Ingratitude, more strong than traitors' arms, 1730
  • Quite vanquish'd him: then burst his mighty heart;
  • And, in his mantle muffling up his face,
  • Even at the base of Pompey's statua,
  • Which all the while ran blood, great Caesar fell.
  • O, what a fall was there, my countrymen! 1735
  • Then I, and you, and all of us fell down,
  • Whilst bloody treason flourish'd over us.
  • O, now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel
  • The dint of pity: these are gracious drops.
  • Kind souls, what, weep you when you but behold 1740
  • Our Caesar's vesture wounded? Look you here,
  • Here is himself, marr'd, as you see, with traitors.
  • All. Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire! Kill! Slay!
  • Let not a traitor live!1750
  • Second Citizen. We'll hear him, we'll follow him, we'll die with him.
  • Antony. Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up
  • To such a sudden flood of mutiny. 1755
  • They that have done this deed are honourable:
  • What private griefs they have, alas, I know not,
  • That made them do it: they are wise and honourable,
  • And will, no doubt, with reasons answer you.
  • I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts: 1760
  • I am no orator, as Brutus is;
  • But, as you know me all, a plain blunt man,
  • That love my friend; and that they know full well
  • That gave me public leave to speak of him:
  • For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth, 1765
  • Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech,
  • To stir men's blood: I only speak right on;
  • I tell you that which you yourselves do know;
  • Show you sweet Caesar's wounds, poor poor dumb mouths,
  • And bid them speak for me: but were I Brutus, 1770
  • And Brutus Antony, there were an Antony
  • Would ruffle up your spirits and put a tongue
  • In every wound of Caesar that should move
  • The stones of Rome to rise and mutiny.
  • All. We'll mutiny.1775
  • Antony. Yet hear me, countrymen; yet hear me speak.
  • All. Peace, ho! Hear Antony. Most noble Antony!
  • Antony. Why, friends, you go to do you know not what: 1780
  • Wherein hath Caesar thus deserved your loves?
  • Alas, you know not: I must tell you then:
  • You have forgot the will I told you of.
  • All. Most true. The will! Let's stay and hear the will.
  • Antony. Here is the will, and under Caesar's seal. 1785
  • To every Roman citizen he gives,
  • To every several man, seventy-five drachmas.
  • Antony. Hear me with patience.1790
  • All. Peace, ho!
  • Antony. Moreover, he hath left you all his walks,
  • His private arbours and new-planted orchards,
  • On this side Tiber; he hath left them you,
  • And to your heirs for ever, common pleasures, 1795
  • To walk abroad, and recreate yourselves.
  • Here was a Caesar! when comes such another?
  • First Citizen. Never, never. Come, away, away!
  • We'll burn his body in the holy place,
  • And with the brands fire the traitors' houses. 1800
  • Take up the body.
Exeunt Citizens with the body


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